« Previous
Next »
Fertility and Sterility
Volume 88, Issue 2
, Pages 383-389
, August 2007
Effects on serum lipid and leptin levels of three different doses of norethisterone continuously combined with a fixed dose of 17β-estradiol for nasal administration in postmenopausal women: a controlled, double-blind study
References
- . Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. JAMA. 1995;273:199–208
- . Body weight, body fat distribution, and hormonal replacement therapy in early postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:414–417
- . Prospective evaluation of body weight and body fat distribution in early postmenopausal women with and without hormonal replacement therapy. Maturitas. 2001;39:125–132
- Serum immunoreactive leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese women. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:292–295
- . Molecular regulation of eating behavior: new insights and prospects for therapeutic strategies. Trends Mol Med. 2001;7:205–213
- . Effects of sex steroid hormones and menopause on serum leptin concentrations. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2002;16:479–492
- . Relationship of serum leptin levels with body composition and sex steroid and insulin levels in men and women. Metabolism. 2000;49:1278–1284
- . The influence of menopause and body mass index on serum leptin concentrations. Eur J Endocrinol. 2000;143:55–60
- Abdominal fat distribution in pre- and postmenopausal women: the impact of physical activity, age, and menopausal status. Metabolism. 2001;50:976–982
- . Interactions between sex steroid hormones and leptin in women. Studies in vivo and in vitro. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1438–1444
- . Gender differences in plasma leptin concentrations. Nat Med. 1996;2:949–950
- Leptin levels in human and rodent: measurements of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects. Nature Med. 1995;1:1155–1161
- . Serum leptin in children with obesity: relationship to gender and development. Pediatrics. 1996;98:201–203
- . Estrogen increases in vivo leptin production in rats and human subjects. J Endocrinol. 1997;154:285–292
- . Regulation of leptin gene expression and secretion by steroid hormones. Steroids. 1999;64:659–663
- . Direct in vitro effects of androgens and estrogens on ob gene expression and leptin secretion in human adipose tissue. Endocrine. 2002;18:179–184
- . Effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy on body weight and waist and hip girths. Postmenopausal Estrogen-Progestin Interventions Study Investigators. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:1549–1556
- . Obesity and sarcopenia after menopause are reversed by sex hormone replacement therapy. Obes Res. 2001;9:622–626
- . Estrogen/gestagen therapy changes soft tissue body composition in postmenopausal women. Metabolism. 1989;38:662–665
- . Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy prevents central distribution of body fat after menopause. Metabolism. 1991;40:1323–1326
- . Effects of interscapular brown adipose tissue denervation on body weight and energy metabolism in ovariectomized and estradiol-treated rats. Behav Neurosci. 1984;98:674–685
- . The effects of thyroxine and estradiol benzoate on wheel running activity in female rats. Physiol Behav. 1972;9:79–82
- . Gonadal effects on food intake and adiposity: a metabolic hypothesis. Physiol Behav. 1979;22:583–593
- . Treatment with alpha-helical-CRF(9-41) prevents the anorectic effect of 17-beta-estradiol. Brain Res Bull. 1993;32:689–692
- . Relationship among leptin, neuropeptide Y, and galanin in young women and in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2000;7:149–155
- . Serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women: effects of transdermal hormone replacement therapy. Menopause. 2000;7:36–41
- . Leptin concentrations in women in the San Antonio Heart Study: effect of menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;146:581–585
- . Effects of gender, body composition, and menopause on plasma concentrations of leptin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3424–3427
- . Leptin levels in pre and post menopausal Pakistani women. J Pak Med Assoc. 2006;56:3–5
- . The influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on serum leptin concentration in postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2000;37:105–111
- . Plasma leptin levels in obese and non-obese postmenopausal women before and after hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas. 2000;36:203–207
- . Treatment of normal women with oestradiol plus progesterone prevents the decrease of leptin concentrations induced by ovariectomy. Hum Reprod. 2000;15:2383–2387
- . Oestradiol plus progesterone treatment increases serum leptin concentrations in normal women. Hum Reprod. 2001;16:1827–1832
- . Effects of short-term hormone replacement on serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol. 1999;5:415–422
- . Influence of transdermal estradiol in the regulation of leptin levels of postmenopausal women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Menopause. 2002;9:65–71
- . Cytoplasmic 17-beta [3H] estradiol binding in rat adipose tissues. Endocrinology. 1978;103:1695–1701
- . Serum leptin concentration in women: effect of age, obesity, and estrogen administration. Fertil Steril. 1998;70:472–477
- Plasma sex hormones are significantly associated with plasma leptin concentration in healthy subjects. Clin. Endocrinol. 1998;48:291–297
- Gender differences in serum leptin in obese people: relationship with testosterone, body fat distribution and insulin sensitivity. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997;27:1016–1024
- . Serum leptin concentrations and weight gain in obese postmenopausal women. Obes Res. 1998;6:257–261
- . Leptin. Lancet. 1999;351:737–742
- . Relation between plasma leptin concentration and body fat, gender, diet, age and metabolic covariates. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3909–3913
- . Effects of intranasal estradiol treatment on serum lipoprotein(a) and lipids in hysterectomized women. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2004;57:191–195
- . Intranasal continuous combined 17 beta-estradiol/norethisterone therapy improves the lipid profile in healthy postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril. 2006;85:979–988
- Clinical equivalence of intranasal and oral 17beta-estradiol for postmenopausal symptoms. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;182:545–552
- . Effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein (a) concentrations analysis of studies published from 1974–2000. Fertil Steril. 2001;75:898–915
- . Progestins and cardiovascular risk markers. Steroids. 2000;65:651–658
PII: S0015-0282(06)04692-9
doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.142
© 2007 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Fertility and Sterility
Volume 88, Issue 2
, Pages 383-389
, August 2007

