Fertility and Sterility
Volume 90, Issue 6 , Pages 2060-2067 , December 2008

Bone mineral density in adolescent females using injectable or oral contraceptives: a 24-month prospective study

  • Barbara A. Cromer, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Barbara A. Cromer, M.D., Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, Ohio 44109 (FAX: 216-778-4223).
    • ,
  • Andrea E. Bonny, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Margaret Stager, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Rina Lazebnik, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Ellen Rome, M.D., M.P.H.

      Affiliations

    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Julie Ziegler, M.A.

      Affiliations

    • MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Kelly Camlin-Shingler, L.I.S.W.

      Affiliations

    • MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Michelle Secic, M.S.

      Affiliations

    • Secic Statistical Consulting, Inc., Chardon, Ohio

Received 4 August 2006 ,Revised 30 October 2007 ,Accepted 30 October 2007.

References 

  1. Sabatier JP, Guaydier-Souquieres G, Benmalek A, Marcelli C. Evolution of bone mineral content during adolescence and adulthood: a longitudinal study in 295 healthy females 10–24 years of age and 206 premenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 1999;9:476–482
  2. Cromer BA, Blair JM, Mahan JD, Zibners L, Naumovski Z. A prospective comparison of bone density in adolescent girls on depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera), Levonorgestrel (Norplant), or oral contraceptives. J Pediatr. 1996;129:671–676
  3. Cromer BA, Stager M, Bonny A, Lazebnik R, Rome E, Debanne S. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, oral contraceptives and bone mineral density in a cohort of adolescent girls. J Adolesc Health. 2004;35:434–441
  4. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA talk paper. Black box warning added concerning long-term use of Depo-Provera contraceptive injection. November 17, 2004. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/2004/ANS01325.html.
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  8. Katzman DK, Bachrach LK, Carter DR, Marcus R. Clinical and anthropometric correlations of bone mineral acquisition in healthy adolescent girls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991;73:1332–1339
  9. Cromer BA, Blair JM, Mahan JD, Zibners L, Naumowkski Z. A prospective comparison of bone density in adolescent girls on depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera), Levonorgestrel (Norplant), or oral contraceptives. J Pediatr. 1996;129:671–676
  10. Busen NH, Britt RB, Rianon N. Bone mineral density in a cohort of adolescent women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for one to two years. J Adolesc Health. 2003;32:257–259
  11. Cromer BA, Stager M, Bonny A, Lazebnik R, Rome E, Ziegler J, et al. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, oral contraceptives and bone mineral density in a cohort of adolescent girls. J Adolesc Health. 2004;35:434–441
  12. Lara-Torre E, Edwards CP, Perlman S, Hertweck SP. Bone mineral density in adolescent females using depomedroxyprogesterone acetate. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2004;17:17–21
  13. Scholes D, LaCroix AZ, Ichikawa LE, Barlow WE, Ott SM. Change in bone mineral density among adolescent women using and discontinuing depot medroxyprogesterone contraception. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005;159:139–144
  14. Davies MC, Hall MC, Jacobs HS. Bone mineral loss in young women with amenorrhea. Br Med J. 1990;301:790–793
  15. Orr-Walker BJ, Evans MC, Ames RW, Clearwater JM, Cundy T, Reid IR. The effect of past use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone mineral density in normal post-menopausal women. Clin Endocrinol. 1998;49:615–618
  16. Petitti DB, Piaggio G, Mehta S, Cravioto MC, Meirik O. Steroid hormone contraception and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study in an international population. Obstet Gynecol. 2000;95:736–744
  17. Nelson A. Merits of DMPA relative to other reversible contraceptive methods. J Reprod Med. 2002;47:781–784
  18. Cromer B. Hormonal contraception and bone mineral density; unique issues in adolescent and young adult women. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab. 2004;2:123–134
  19. Sowers MR, Scholl T, Harris L, Jannausch M. Bone loss in adolescent women and adult pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol. 2000;96:189–193
  20. Harville EW, Schramm M, Watt-Morse M, Chantala K, Anderson JJ, Hertz-Picciotto I. Calcium intake during pregnancy among white and African-American pregnant women in the United States. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23:43–50
  21. Cundy T, Cornish J, Evans MC, Roberts H, Reid IR. Recovery of bone density in women who stop using medroxyprogesterone acetate. BMJ. 1994;308:247–248
  22. Cromer BA, Scholes D, Berenson A, Cundy T, Clark MK, Kaunitz AM. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and bone mineral density in adolescents—the Black Box Warning: a Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Medicine. J Adolesc Health. 2006;39:296–301
  23. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Women's Health Care Physicians. ACOG practice bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. No. 50, January 2003. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;103:203–216
  24. World Health Organization. Statement on hormonal contraception and bone health. Special Program of Research, Development and Training in Human Reproduction. July 2005. Available at: http://www.who.int/reproductive-health/family_planning/bone_health.html.
  25. Polatti F, Perotti F, Filippa N, Gallina D, Nappi RE. Bone mass and long-term monophasic oral contraceptive treatment in young women. Contraception. 1995;51:221–224

 Supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01HD 39009 (Washington, D.C.) and by General Clinical Research Center grant M1RR008012 (National Institutes of Health, Washington, D.C.).

 Presented in part at the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research meeting, Seattle, Washington, October 4, 2004.

 E.R. served on the speaker's bureau for Merck (Whitehouse Station, N.J.). All other authors have nothing to disclose.

PII: S0015-0282(07)03956-8

doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.10.070

Fertility and Sterility
Volume 90, Issue 6 , Pages 2060-2067 , December 2008

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