Fertility and Sterility
Volume 91, Issue 2 , Pages 425-431 , February 2009

Effects of hormone therapy and tibolone on body composition and serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women

  • Emine Nihan Dedeoğlu, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umraniye State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
  • ,
  • Mithat Erenus, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Mithat Erenus, M.D., Marmara University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tophanelioglu cad. Altunizade, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • ,
  • Pinar Yörük, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

Received 22 September 2007 ,Revised 19 November 2007 ,Accepted 19 November 2007.

References 

  1. Augoulea A, Mastorakos G, Lambrinoudaki I, Christodoulakos G, Creatsas G. Role of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy on body fat gain and leptin levels. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2005;20:227–235
  2. Hassager C, Christiansen C. Estrogen/gestagen therapy changes soft tissue body composition in postmenopausal women. Metabolism. 1989;38:662–665
  3. Espeland MA, Stefanick ML, Kritz-Silverstein D, Fineberg SE, Waclawiw MA, James MK, et al. Effect of postmenopausal hormone therapy on body weight and waist and hip girths. Postmenopausal Estrogen-Progestin Interventions Study Investigators. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:1549–1556
  4. Halaas JL, Gajiwala KS, Maffei M, Cohen SL, Chait BT, Rabinowitz D, et al. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science. 1995;269:543–546
  5. Campfield LA, Smith FJ, Guisez Y, Devos R, Burn P. Recombinant mouse OB protein: evidence for a peripheral signal linking adiposity and central neural networks. Science. 1995;269:546–549
  6. Pelleymounter MA, Cullen MJ, Baker MB, Hecht R, Winters D, Boone T, et al. Effects of the obese gene product on body weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science. 1995;269:540–543
  7. Haffner SM, Mykkanen L, Stern MP. Leptin concentrations in women in the San Antonio Heart Study: effect of menopausal status and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;146:581–585
  8. Moore RA. Livial: a review of clinical studies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(Suppl. 19):1–21
  9. Considine RV, Sinha MK, Heiman ML, Kriauciunas A, Stephens TW, Nyce MR, et al. Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:292–295
  10. Di Carlo C, Tommaselli GA, Pisano G, Nasti A, Rossi V, Palomba S, et al. Serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women: effects of transdermal hormone replacement therapy. Menopause. 2000;7:36–41
  11. Havel PJ, Kasim-Karakas S, Dubuc GR, Mueller W, Phinney SD. Gender differences in plasma leptin concentrations. Nat Med. 1996;2:949–950
  12. Saad MF, Damani S, Gingerich RL, Riad-Gabriel MG, Khan A, Boyadjian R, et al. Sexual dimorphism in plasma leptin concentration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:579–584
  13. Gower BA, Nagy TR, Goran MI, Smith A, Kent E. Leptin in postmenopausal women: influence of hormone therapy, insulin, and fat distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:1770–1775
  14. Kristensen K, Pedersen SB, Richelsen B. Interactions between sex steroid hormones and leptin in women. Studies in vivo and in vitro. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1438–1444
  15. Rosenbaum M, Nicolson M, Hirsch J, Heymsfield SB, Gallagher D, Chu F, et al. Effects of gender, body composition, and menopause on plasma concentrations of leptin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3424–3427
  16. Isidori AM, Strollo F, More M, Caprio M, Aversa A, Moretti C, et al. Leptin and aging: correlation with endocrine changes in male and female healthy adult populations of different body weights. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000;85:1954–1962
  17. Shimizu H, Shimomura Y, Nakanishi Y, Futawatari T, Ohtani K, Sato N, et al. Estrogen increases in vivo leptin production in rats and human subjects. J Endocrinol. 1997;154:285–292
  18. Cento RM, Proto C, Spada RS, Napolitano V, Ciampelli M, Cucinelli F, et al. Leptin levels in menopause: effect of estrogen replacement therapy. Horm Res. 1999;52:269–273
  19. Lavoie HB, Taylor AE, Sharpless JL, Anderson EJ, Strauss CC, Hall JE. Effects of short-term hormone replacement on serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999;51:415–422
  20. Elbers JM, de Roo GW, Popp-Snijders C, Nicolaas-Merkus A, Westerveen E, Joenje BW, et al. Effects of administration of 17beta-oestradiol on serum leptin levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999;51:449–454
  21. Baranowska B, Radzikowska M, Wasilewska-Dziubinska E, Roguski K, Polonowski A. Relationship among leptin, neuropeptide Y, and galanin in young women and in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2000;7:149–155
  22. Kotani K, Tokunaga K, Fujioka S, Kobatake T, Keno Y, Yoshida S, et al. Sexual dimorphism of age-related changes in whole-body fat distribution in the obese. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1994;18:207–2
  23. Guthrie JR, Dennerstein L, Dudley EC. Weight gain and the menopause: a 5-year prospective study. Climacteric. 1999;2:205–211
  24. Fajardo ME, Malacara JM, Martinez-Rodriguez HG, Barrera-Saldana HA. Hormone and metabolic factors associated with leptin mRNA expression in pre- and postmenopausal women. Steroids. 2004;69:425–430
  25. Lonnqvist F, Arner P, Nordfors L, Schalling M. Overexpression of the obese (ob) gene in adipose tissue of human obese subjects. Nat Med. 1995;1:950–953
  26. Dua A, Hennes MI, Hoffmann RG, Maas DL, Krakower GR, Sonnenberg GE, et al. Leptin: a significant indicator of total body fat but not of visceral fat and insulin insensitivity in African-American women. Diabetes. 1996;45:1635–1637
  27. Maffei M, Halaas J, Ravussin E, Pratley RE, Lee GH, Zhang Y, et al. Leptin levels in human and rodent: measurement of plasma leptin and ob RNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects. Nat Med. 1995;1:1155–1161
  28. Ostlund RE, Yang JW, Klein S, Gingerich R. Relation between plasma leptin concentration and body fat, gender, diet, age, and metabolic covariates. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3909–3913
  29. Casabiell X, Pineiro V, Peino R, Lage M, Camina J, Gallego R, et al. Gender differences in both spontaneous and stimulated leptin secretion by human omental adipose tissue in vitro: dexamethasone and estradiol stimulate leptin release in women, but not in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:2149–2155
  30. Hassink SG, Sheslow DV, de Lancey E, Opentanova I, Considine RV, Caro JF. Serum leptin in children with obesity: relationship to gender and development. Pediatrics. 1996;98:201–203
  31. Petersen SB, Drablos F, Petersen MT, Petersen EI. Identification of important motifs in protein sequences: program MULTIM and its applications to lipase-related sequences. Methods Enzymol. 1997;284:61–85
  32. Kristensen K, Pedersen SB, Vestergaard P, Mosekilde L, Richelsen B. Hormone replacement therapy affects body composition and leptin differently in obese and non-obese postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol. 1999;163:55–62
  33. Mannucci E, Ognibene A, Becorpi A, Cremasco F, Pellegrini S, Ottanelli S, et al. Relationship between leptin and oestrogens in healthy women. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998;139:198–201
  34. Paolisso G, Rizzo MR, Mone CM, Tagliamonte MR, Gambardella A, Riondino M, et al. Plasma sex hormones are significantly associated with plasma leptin concentration in healthy subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1998;48:291–297
  35. Konukoglu D, Serin O, Ercan M. Plasma leptin levels in obese and non-obese postmenopausal women before and after hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas. 2000;36:203–207
  36. Wauters M, Considine RV, Van Gaal LF. Human leptin: from an adipocyte hormone to an endocrine mediator. Eur J Endocrinol. 2000;143:293–311
  37. Hickey MS, Israel RG, Gardiner SN, Considine RV, McCammon MR, Tyndall GL, et al. Gender differences in serum leptin levels in humans. Biochem Mol Med. 1996;59:1–6
  38. Newcomer JW, Selke G, Melson AK, Gross J, Vogler GP, Dagogo-Jack S. Dose-dependent cortisol-induced increases in plasma leptin concentration in healthy humans. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55:995–1000
  39. Donahoo WT, Jensen DR, Yost TJ, Eckel RH. Isoproterenol and somatostatin decrease plasma leptin in humans: a novel mechanism regulating leptin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:4139–4143
  40. Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG. Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 6th ed.. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999;643–779
  41. Cagnacci A, Malmusi S, Arangino S, Zanni A, Rovati L, Cagnacci P, et al. Influence of transdermal estradiol in the regulation of leptin levels of postmenopausal women: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Menopause. 2002;9:65–71
  42. Castracane VD, Kraemer RR, Franken MA, Kraemer GR, Gimpel T. Serum leptin concentration in women: effect of age, obesity, and estrogen administration. Fertil Steril. 1998;70:472–477
  43. Kohrt WM, Landt M, Birge SJ. Serum leptin levels are reduced in response to exercise training, but not hormone replacement therapy, in older women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3980–3985
  44. Salbach B, Nawroth PP, Kubler W, von Holst T, Salbach PB. Serum leptin levels and body weight in postmenopausal women under transdermal hormone replacement therapy. Eur J Med Res. 2000;5:63–66
  45. Laivuori H, Koistinen HA, Karonen SL, Cacciatore B, Ylikorkala O. Comparison between 1 year oral and transdermal oestradiol and sequential norethisterone acetate on circulating concentrations of leptin in postmenopausal women. Hum Reprod. 2001;16:1632–1635
  46. Hadji P, Gorke K, Hars O, Bauer T, Emons G, Schulz KD. The influence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on serum leptin concentration in postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2000;37:105–111
  47. Yuksel H, Odabasi AR, Demircan S, Karul A, Kozaci LD, Koseoglu K, et al. Effects of oral continuous 17beta-estradiol plus norethisterone acetate replacement therapy on abdominal subcutaneous fat, serum leptin levels and body composition. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2006;22:381–387
  48. Thorneycroft IH, Lindsay R, Pickar JH. Body composition during treatment with conjugated estrogens with and without medroxyprogesterone acetate:analysis of the women's Health, Osteoporosis, Progestin, Estrogen (HOPE) trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;197:137e1–7
  49. Erenus M, Ilhan AH, Elter K. Effect of tibolone treatment on intima-media thickness and the resistive indices of the carotid arteries. Fertil Steril. 2003;79:268–273
  50. Hanggi W, Lippuner K, Jaeger P, Birkhauser MH, Horber FF. Differential impact of conventional oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy or tibolone on body composition in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1998;48:691–699
  51. Meeuwsen IB, Samson MM, Duursma SA, Verhaar HJ. The effect of tibolone on fat mass, fat-free mass, and total body water in postmenopausal women. Endocrinology. 2001;142:4813–4817
  52. Panidis DK, Rousso DH, Kourtis AI, Stergiopoulos KN, Mavromatidis GA, Katsikis IK. The influence of tibolone upon serum leptin levels in post-menopausal women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2001;96:85–87
  53. Lambrinoudaki IV, Christodoulakos GE, Panoulis CP, Rizos DA, Dendrinos SG, Liakakos T, et al. Effect of hormone replacement therapy and tibolone on serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2004;48:107–113

PII: S0015-0282(07)04126-X

doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.11.061

Fertility and Sterility
Volume 91, Issue 2 , Pages 425-431 , February 2009