Fertility and Sterility
Volume 91, Issue 4 , Pages 1127-1134 , April 2009

Longitudinal changes in hypothalamic and ovarian function in perimenopausal women with anovulatory cycles: relationship with vasomotor symptoms

  • Joan H. Skurnick, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, New Jersey Medical School of UMDNJ, Newark, New Jersey
    • ,
  • Gerson Weiss, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School of UMDNJ, Newark, New Jersey
    • ,
  • Laura T. Goldsmith, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School of UMDNJ, Newark, New Jersey
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Laura T. Goldsmith, Ph.D., Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, New Jersey Medical School of UMDNJ, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, New Jersey 07103 (FAX: 973-972-4574).
    • ,
  • Nanette Santoro, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York
    • ,
  • Sybil Crawford, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts

Received 7 December 2007 ,Revised 7 January 2008 ,Accepted 7 January 2008.

References 

  1. World Health Organization. Research on the menopause in the 1990s: report of a WHO scientific group. World Health Organization Technical Report Series No. 866, 1996.
  2. Vande Wiele RL, Bogumil J, Dyrenfurth I, Ferin M, Jewelewicz R, Warren M, et al. Mechanisms regulating the menstrual cycle in women. Recent Prog Horm Res. 1970;26:63–103
  3. Weiss G, Skurnick JH, Goldsmith LT, Santoro NF, Park SJ. Menopause and hypothalamic-pituitary sensitivity to estrogen. JAMA. 2004;292:2991–2996
  4. Sowers MF, Crawford SL, Sternfeld B, Morganstein D, Gold E, Greendale G, et al. Design, survey, sampling and recruitment methods of SWAN: a multi-center, multi-ethnic, community-based cohort study of women and the menopausal transition. In:  Lobo RA,  Kelsey J,  Marcus R editor. Menopause: Biology and pathobiology. San Diego: Academic Press; 2000;p. 175–188
  5. Santoro N, Lasley B, McConnell D, Allsworth J, Crawford S, Gold EB, et al. Body size and ethnicity are associated with menstrual cycle alterations in women in the early menopausal transition: the Study of Women's Health across the Nation (SWAN) Daily Hormone Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:2622–2631
  6. Santoro N, Crawford SL, Allsworth JE, Gold EB, Greendale GA, Korenman S, et al. Assessing menstrual cycles with urinary hormone assays. Am J Physiol. 2003;284:E521–E530
  7. Brown JR, Skurnick J, Sharma N, Santoro N. Frequent intermittent ovarian function in women with premature menopause: a longitudinal study. Endocrine. 1993;1:467–474
  8. Kassam A, Overstreet JW, Snow-Harter C, De Souza MJ, Gold EB, Lasley BL. Identification of anovulation and transient luteal function using a urinary pregnanediol-3-glucuronide ratio algorithm. Environ Health Perspect. 1996;104:408–413
  9. Waller K, Swan SH, Windham GC, Fenster L, Elkin EP, Lasley BL. Use of urine biomarkers to evaluate menstrual function in healthy premenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;147:1071–1080
  10. Park S, Weiss G, Skurnick J, Wojtczuk A, Goldsmith L. Characteristics of the urinary luteinizing hormone surge in young ovulatory women. Fertil Steril. 2007;88:684–690
  11. Santoro NS, Brown JR, Adel T, Skurnick JH. Characterization of reproductive hormonal dynamics in the perimenopause. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:1495–1501
  12. Hutton JD, Jacobs HS, Murray MA, James VH. Relation between plasma oestrone and oestradiol and climacteric symptoms. Lancet. 1978;1:678–681
  13. Prior JC. Perimenopause: the complex endocrinology of the menopausal transition. Endocrine Rev. 1998;19:397–428
  14. Reddy SY, Warner H, Guttuso T, Messing S, DiGrazio W, Thornburg L, et al. Gabapentin, estrogen and placebo for treating hot flushes. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;108:41–48
  15. Rapkin AJ. Vasomotor symptoms in menopause: physiologic condition and central nervous system approaches to treatment. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;196:97–106
  16. Freedman RR, Benton MD, Genik RJ, Graydon FX. Cortical activation during menopausal hot flashes. Fertil Steril. 2006;85:674–678
  17. Board of Trustees of the North American Menopause Society . Treatment of menopause-associated vasomotor symptoms: position statement of the North American Menopause Society. Menopause. 2004;11:11–33
  18. NIH State-of-the-Science Panel . National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference statement: management of menopause-related symptoms. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:1003–1013

 J.H.S. has nothing to disclose. G.W. has nothing to disclose. L.T.G. has nothing to disclose. N.S. has nothing to disclose. S.C. has nothing to disclose.

 The Study of Women's Health across the Nation (SWAN) has grant support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Nursing Research, and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health (grant nos. NR004061, AG012505, AG012535, AG012531, AG012539, AG012546, AG012553, AG012554, and AG012495).

PII: S0015-0282(08)00038-1

doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.01.031

Fertility and Sterility
Volume 91, Issue 4 , Pages 1127-1134 , April 2009

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