Fertility and Sterility
Volume 93, Issue 3 , Pages 697-701 , February 2010

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate use after peak bone mass is associated with increased bone turnover but no decrease in bone mineral density

  • Jennifer S. Walsh, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Dr. Jennifer Walsh. Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, United Kingdom (FAX: +44 114 2618775).
  • ,
  • Richard Eastell, M.D.
  • ,
  • Nicola F. Peel, D.M.

Received 3 September 2008 ,Revised 29 September 2008 ,Accepted 3 October 2008.

References 

  1. Kaunitz AM, Rosenfield A. Injectable contraception with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. Drug. 1993;45:854–865
  2. Mainwaring R, Hales HA, Stevenson K, Poulson AM, Jones KP, Peterson CM. Metabolic parameters, bleeding and weight change in women using progestin only contraceptives. Contraception. 1995;51:149–153
  3. Cundy T, Evans M, Roberts H, Wattie D, Ames R, Reid IRR. Bone density in women receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception. Br Med J. 1991;303:13–16
  4. Cundy T, Cornish J, Roberts H, Elder H, Reid IR. Spinal bone density in women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;92:569–573
  5. Paiva LC, Pinto-Neto AM, Faundes A. Bone density among long-term users of medroxyprogesterone acetate as a contraceptive. Contraception. 1998;58:351–355
  6. Scholes D, Lacroix AZ, Ott SM, Ichikawa LE, Barlow WE. Bone mineral density in women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception. Obstet Gynecol. 1999;93:233–238
  7. Tang OS, Tang G, Yip P, Li B, Fan S. Long-term depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and bone mineral density. Contraception. 1999;59:25–29
  8. Clark MK, Sowers M, Nichols S, Levy B. Bone mineral density changes over two years in first-time users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. Fertil Steril. 2004;82:1580–1586
  9. Wanichsetakul P, Kamudhamas A, Watanaruangkovit P, Siripakarn Y, Visutakul P. Bone mineral density at various anatomic bone sites in women receiving combined oral contraceptives and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for contraception. Contraception. 2002;65:407–410
  10. Petitti DB, Piaggio G, Mehta S, Cravioto MC, Meirik O. Steroid hormone contraception and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study in an international population. The WHO Study of Hormonal Contraception and Bone Health. Obstet Gynecol. 2000;95:736–744
  11. Naessen T, Olsson S-E, Gudmundson J. Differential effects on bone density of progestogen-only methods of contraception. Contraception. 1995;52:35–39
  12. Taneepanichskul S, Intaraprasert S, Theppisai U, Chaturachinda K. Bone mineral density in long-term depot medroxyprogesterone acetate acceptors. Contraception. 1997;56:1–3
  13. Perrotti M, Bahamondes L, Petta C, Castro S. Forearm bone density in long-term users of oral combined contraceptives and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. Fertil Steril. 2001;76:469–473
  14. Merki-Field GS, Neff M, Keller PJ. A prospective study on the effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on trabecular and cortical bone after attainment of peak bone mass. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000;107:863–869
  15. Cromer BA, Blair JM, Mahan JD, Zibners L, Naumovski Z. A prospective comparison of bone density in girls receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera), levonorgestrel (Norplant) or oral contraceptives. J Pediatr. 1996;129:671–676
  16. Busen NH, Britt RB, Rianon N. Bone mineral density in a cohort of adolescent women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate for one to two years. J Adolesc Health. 2003;32:257–259
  17. Cromer BA, Stager M, Bonny A, Lazebnik R, Rome E, Ziegler J, et al. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, oral contraceptives and bone mineral density in a cohort of adolescent girls. J Adolesc Health. 2004;35:434–441
  18. Scholes D, Lacroix AZ, Ichikawa LE, Barlow WE, Ott SM. The association between depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception and bone mineral density in adolescent women. Contraception. 2004;69:99–104
  19. Lara-Torre E, Edwards CP, Perlman S, Hertweck SP. Bone mineral density in adolescent females using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2004;17:17–21
  20. Shaarawy M, El-Mallah SY, Seoudi S, Hassan M, Mohsen IA. Effects of the long-term use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate as hormonal contraceptive on bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone remodelling. Contraception. 2006;74:297–302
  21. Ott SM, Scholes D, LaCroix AZ, Ichikawa LE, Yoshida CK, Barlow WE. Effects of contraceptive use on bone biochemical markers in young women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:179–185
  22. Walsh JS, Eastell R, Peel NF. Effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on bone density and bone metabolism before and after peak bone mass: a case-control study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93:1317–1323
  23. Cundy T, Cornish J, Evans MC, Roberts H, Reid IR. Recovery of bone density in women who stop using medroxyprogesterone acetate. Br Med J. 1994;308:247–248
  24. Scholes D, LaCroix AZ, Ichikawa LE, Barlow WE, Ott SM. Injectable hormonal contraception and bone density: results from a prospective study. Epidemiol. 2002;13:581–587
  25. Kaunitz AM, Miller PD, Montgomery Rice V, Ross D, McClung MR. Bone mineral density in women aged 25–35 receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate: recovery following discontinuation. Contraception. 2006;74:90–99
  26. Clark MK, Sowers M, Levy B, Nichols S. Bone mineral density loss and recovery during 48 months in first-time users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate. Fertil Steril. 2006;86:1466–1474
  27. Hertweck SP, Harel Z, Stager M, Gold MA, Coupey SM, Burkman RT. Evaluation of bone mineral density in adolescents during use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular injection and after discontinuation. Obstet Gynecol. 2006;107:51S
  28. Scholes D, LaCroix AZ, Ichikawa LE, Barlow WE, Ott SM. Change in bone mineral density among adolescent women using and discontinuing depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005;159:139–144
  29. Tang OS, Tang G, Yip PSF, Li B. Further evaluation on long-term depot medroxyprogesterone acetate use and bone mineral density: a longitudinal cohort study. Contraception. 2000;62:161–164
  30. Cundy T, Cornish KJ, Roberts H, Reid IR. Menopausal bone loss in long-term users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate contraception. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186:978–983
  31. Peris P, Alvarez L, Monegal A, Guanabens N, Duran M, Pons F, et al. Biochemical markers of bone turnover after surgical menopause and hormone replacement therapy. Bone. 1999;25:349–353
  32. Seifert-Klaus V, Mueller J, Luppa P, Probst R, Wilker J, Hoβ C, et al. Bone metabolism during the perimenopausal transition: a prospective study. Maturitas. 2002;41:23–33

 J.S.W. has nothing to disclose. R.E. has nothing to disclose. N.F.P. has nothing to disclose.

 This work was supported by the Arthritis Research Campaign and the National Osteoporosis Society.

PII: S0015-0282(08)04129-0

doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.10.004

Fertility and Sterility
Volume 93, Issue 3 , Pages 697-701 , February 2010