Association study of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms with the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion
Received 17 July 2008; received in revised form 15 October 2008; accepted 20 November 2008. published online 07 January 2009.
Objective
To investigate the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms (-2578C>A, -1154G>A, -634G>C, 936C>T) with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in Koreans.
Design
Prospective case-control study.
Setting
University-based hospital.
Patient(s)
Two hundred and fifteen patients with a history of two or more unexplained consecutive pregnancy losses and 113 healthy controls with at least one live birth and no history of pregnancy loss.
Intervention(s)
None.
Main Outcome Measure(s)
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were performed for the -2578C>A and 936C>T genotypes. Real-time PCR was also used to analyze the -1154G>A and -634G>C genotypes.
Result(s)
The GA (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.774; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.512–5.092) genotype of the VEGF -1154G>A polymorphism was significantly different between women with idiopathic RSA and controls. The difference in overall (GA + AA) frequency was also marginally significant between the controls and patients with idiopathic RSA (AOR, 2.006; 95% CI, 1.158–3.473). The differences in frequencies of the A-A-G-T and C-A-G-T haplotypes of the VEGF polymorphisms (-2578C>A, -1154G>A, -634G>C, 936C>T) were marginally significant between the patient and control groups.
Conclusion(s)
This study suggests that VEGF polymorphisms and haplotypes are a genetic determinant for the risk of idiopathic RSA in Korean women.
aDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
bInstitute for Clinical Research, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
cDepartment of Science Education, Teachers College, Cheju National University, Jeju, South Korea
dCHA Research Institute, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
Reprint requests: Nam Keun Kim, Ph.D., Institute for Clinical Research, Bundang CHA General Hospital, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, 351 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 463-712, South Korea (TEL: +82-31-780-5762; FAX: +82-31-780-5766).
H.H.L has nothing to disclose. S.H.H. has nothing to disclose. S.J.S. has nothing to disclose. J.J.K. has nothing to disclose. D.O. has nothing to disclose. N.K.K. has nothing to disclose.
This work was supported by a grant from the Korea Research Foundation of the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2005-041-E00360 & KRF-2006-331-E00304).
∗ Hyun Haing Lee and Seung Ho Hong contributed equally to this work.
ABSTRACT