Fertility and Sterility
Volume 94, Issue 3 , Pages 965-970 , August 2010

Incidence and development of zygotes exhibiting abnormal pronuclear disposition after identification of two pronuclei at the fertilization check

Received 16 February 2009 ,Revised 8 April 2009 ,Accepted 8 April 2009.

References 

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  2. Balakier H. Tripronuclear human zygotes: the first cell cycle and subsequent development. Hum Reprod. 1993;8:1892–1897
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  4. Staessen C, Janssenswillen C, Devroey P, Van Steirteghem AC. Cytogenetic and morphological observations of single pronucleated human oocytes after in-vitro fertilization. Hum Reprod. 1993;8:221–223
  5. Nagy ZP, Liu J, Joris H, Devroey P, Van Steirteghem A. Time-course of oocyte activation, pronucleus formation and cleavage in human oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum Reprod. 1994;9:1743–1748
  6. Shoukir Y, Campana A, Farley T, Sakkas D. Early cleavage of in-vitro fertilized human embryos to the 2-cell stage: a novel indicator of embryo quality and viability. Hum Reprod. 1997;12:1531–1536
  7. Sakkas D, Shoukir Y, Chardonnens D, Bianchi PG, Campana A. Early cleavage of human embryos to the two-cell stage after intracytoplasmic sperm injection as an indicator of embryo viability. Hum Reprod. 1998;13:182–187
  8. Neuber E, Rinaudo P, Trimarchi JR, Sakkas D. Sequential assessment of individually cultured human embryos as an indicator of subsequent good quality blastocyst development. Hum Reprod. 2003;18:1307–1312
  9. Racowsky C, Combelles CM, Nureddin A, Pan Y, Finn A, Miles L, et al. Day 3 and day 5 morphological predictors of embryo viability. Reprod Biomed Online. 2003;6:323–331
  10. Xu KP, Greve T. A detailed analysis of early events during in-vitro fertilization of bovine follicular oocytes. J Reprod Fertil. 1988;82:127–134
  11. Levron J, Munné S, Willadsen S, Rosenwaks Z, Cohen J. Male and female genomes associated in a single pronucleus in human zygotes. Biol Reprod. 1995;52:653–657
  12. Grossman M, Calafell JM, Brandy N, Vanrell JA, Rubio C, Pellicer A, et al. Origin of tripronucleate zygotes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum Reprod. 1997;12:2762–2765
  13. Kola I, Trounson A, Dawson G, Rogers P. Tripronuclear human oocytes: altered cleavage patterns and subsequent karyotypic analysis of embryos. Biol Reprod. 1987;37:395–401

 D.E.R. has nothing to disclose. K.V.J. has nothing to disclose. C.R. has nothing to disclose.

PII: S0015-0282(09)00862-0

doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.04.018

Fertility and Sterility
Volume 94, Issue 3 , Pages 965-970 , August 2010

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